flexiVent呼吸功能研究SCIREQ
发布时间:2007-07-25
唯一采用强迫振荡法的动物呼吸功能监测研究系统flexiVent---SCIREQ Scientific Respiratory Equipment Inc.

 

唯一的呼吸功能监测研究系统SCIREQ Scientific Respiratory Equipment Inc.  are designed to provide a flexible working environment for scientists in pulmonary research. The list of applications shown below is merely a sample out of the wide range of possible applications and is by no means intended to be complete.

十多年以来, 采用SCIREQ Scientific Respiratory Equipment 进行呼吸生理及药理研究的全世界顶尖的研究机构和大学及药厂研究室已达一百余家。 生命科学实验研究发表的科学论文2007年已达一百多篇Cyclooxygenase-1 2006 J Immunol.pdf

flexiVent 12 2007 _Chinese_.pdfAHMSIC (Respiratory Research 2006).pdf Flexivent IAM.pdf

flexiVent动物呼吸动力参数测定系统组成及原理:

  动物呼吸动力参数测定系统由:药物雾化吸入系统,气道阻力感应器,强迫震动技术仪, 中央监控, 信号采集及计算系统组成。
 
气道阻力测定有多种方法,不同方法测定的指标、结果及其意义各有不同。
 
    1. 描记法,可直接测量气道阻力的方法,且已建立相应的测试标准。
    2.脉冲振荡法, 是基于强迫振荡技术的气道阻力测定方法,近年应用开展较为普及的方法: flexiVent动物呼吸动力参数测定系统是基于脉冲振荡法。
强迫振荡法( FOT ): FOT 测定技术 与体描测定技术在上世纪 50 年代同期应用。但由于 FOT 需要更精确地测定压力及流速信号,并且计算繁复,因而应用受到限制。随着压力传感器技术及计算机技术的进步,解决了信号的采集及计算问题,相继发展了单频振荡、多频振荡、伪随机噪音振荡,随机噪音振荡及脉冲振荡( IOS )等技术。 振荡技术对受试者配合的要求较体描法更少,且仪器小巧,不象体描箱笨重,因此现在应用越来越广泛。
 
测定原理:
FOT 是采用外置的正弦波发生器产生振动压力(约 0.196Kpa ,或 2cmH2O ) , 从口腔给予,加到整个呼吸系统上,在受试动物平静呼吸的同时振动波叠加在受试动物呼吸的压力和流量曲线上,通过对其气道压力( P )和流速( V )的连续记录和分析,可求出呼吸总阻抗( Zrs )。(由于外加压力作用于整个呼吸系统,因此其所测的阻力就不仅仅是体描法所测定的气道粘性阻力,而是整个系统的呼吸阻抗)。不同振荡频率下所反映的呼吸阻抗特性有所不同,因此应用多频振荡技术能更全面反映呼吸阻抗的特性。
脉冲振荡测定技术:近年发展的 IOS 以脉冲发生器产生矩形电脉冲,经 快速付立叶转换 , 可 被分解为无数个不同频率的正弦波,叠加在被检动物自主静息呼吸上,其气道压力和流速被连续记录并进行频谱分析,即可推算出一系列呼吸阻抗值,包括粘性阻力、弹性阻力和惯性阻力,以及 各种阻力的分布和频率依赖性、容积依赖性和流速依赖性分析,并使分析测试短时完成。
 
显著的优点:①操作简便、耗时短;②动物只需口含咬口器,无需食道气囊等入侵装置或庞大的体描箱;③可提供多种呼吸生理和呼吸动力学参数,利于对呼吸系统疾病的进一步研究。
 

flexiVent动物呼吸动力参数测定系统因采用了强力振动测定呼吸阻力的技术,可将雾化吸入装置与反应气道收缩程度的阻力测定装置及计算、显示、记录装置并为一体,并使吸入诱发剂与呼吸阻力的测定可同时、不间断地进行, 且不受吸气动作的干扰,快速、安全测定剂量-反应曲线,同时测定气道敏感性和气道反应性, 测试数据客观,准确且一致性高。 

  flexiVent - wide range of applications应用范围

  • Asthma & airway hyperresponsivenss (AHR)
  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (COPD)
  • Fibrosis; ARDS/IRDS; Acute Lung Injury;
  • Basic Research; Phenotyping
  • Drug Development; Safety Pharmacology
  • Ventilator Research

Pulmonary Research Applications  应用范围

Animal Models动物模型
The development of viable animal models is an important step towards better understanding many diseases. Our ability to evaluate and characterize an animal model highly depends on the quality of the measurement tools we use.

Central vs. Peripheral呼吸中枢与外周比较
Detailed measurements of respiratory mechanics allowing a separation of central and peripheral mechanics ("airways vs. tissues") offer additional insights in many areas of pulmonary research.

Drug Screening药物筛选
One of the most important aspects of screening prospective drug compounds is efficiency. However, true efficiency is more than just the ability to measure many animals in a short time.

Late Response迟后反应
The study of the Asthmatic Late Response is challenging because it requires good measurement sensitivity over the full duration of protocols that can last several hours.

Clinical Research临床研究
Data collection in the OR and the ICU is often a waiting game where much time is spent to record sometimes only a single episode. Reliable equipment and clean signals are key to ensuring the integrity of these precious data.

Measurements & Outcome Parameters监测及计算参数

Parameter Abbr. Description
Resistance R Dynamic resistance quantitatively assesses the level of constriction in the lungs.
Compliance C Dynamic compliance captures the ease with which the lungs can be extended.
Elastance E Dynamic elastance captures the elastic rigidity of the lungs.
Input Impedance Z Input Impedance expresses the combined effects of resistance, compliance and inertance as a function of frequency.
Resistance vs. frequency R(f) The real part of input impedance (Z) can be expressed as resistance versus frequency.
Reactance vs. frequency X(f) The imaginary part of input impedance (Z) can be expressed as reactance versus frequency.
Newtonian Resistance Rn The Newtonian Resistance parameter of the Constant Phase Model represents the resistance of the central airways.
Inertance I The Inertance parameter of the Constant Phase Model represents the inertive properties of the gases in the airways.
Tissue Damping G Tissue damping is closely related to tissue resistance and reflects the energy dissipation in the lung tissues.
Tissue Elastance H The parameter H is closely related to tissue elastance and reflects the energy conservation in the lung tissues.
Hysteresivity eta Tissue hysteresivity (η) characterizes the ratio of energy dissipation to energy conservation in the lung tissues.
Salazar-Knowles Parameter A The parameter A of the Salazar-Knowles equation is an upper bounds estimate of the difference between total lung capacity and zero volume.
Salazar-Knowles Parameter B The parameter B of the Salazar-Knowles equation is an upper bounds estimate of the difference between total lung capacity and the predicted volume at zero pressure.
Salazar-Knowles Parameter K The parameter K of the Salazar-Knowles equation reflects the curvature of the upper portion of the deflation PV curve.
Quasi-static Compliance Cst Quasi-static compliance reflects the static elastic recoil pressure of the lungs at a given lung volume.
Quasi-static Elastance Est Quasi-static elastance reflects the static elastic recoil pressure of the lungs at a given lung volume.
Enhanced Pause Penh Penh is an empirical measurement that is influenced by a number of factors, including, but not limited to bronchoconstriction.
Coefficient of Determination COD The COD is a quality control parameter measuring the goodness of the model fit.
Hysteresis Hysteresis Describes the difference in the pressure-volume relationship during the inflation and deflation curves of a pressure-volume loop.